• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:
    In order to be able to maintain the voltage supply of an inverter fed by a supply network even in the event of a power failure, the invention proposes that, in the event of a power failure, the electrical energy for the voltage supply (2) of the inverter (1) via an auxiliary winding (13) of an output side reactor ( 7) of the inverter (1) is removed.
    公开号:AT512779A4
    申请号:T50216/2012
    申请日:2012-06-01
    公开日:2013-11-15
    发明作者:Joachim Danmayr；Stefan Bloechl；Andreas Luger；Dietmar Striegl；Martin Moertenhuber
    申请人:Fronius Int Gmbh；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    'Jrjfl ·! ίιίΙΛ- F0-3483 AT
    Power supply for an inverter
    The subject invention relates to a power supply for an inverter, which is connected on the output side via a throttle to an electrical supply network, and a method for operating such a power supply. 5 Electrical inverters require a power supply for operation, for generating a supply voltage for the control and control units of the inverter, as well as the electronic components installed in the inverter. This supply voltage is often provided by a switching power supply, which may also be integrated in the inverter. Such inverters are used inter alia for the Kopp-1 o tion of an energy source such. As a photovoltaic system, a Windkraftaniage, an electrical energy storage device, a fuel cell, etc., used with an electrical supply network to feed generated electrical energy into the grid. On the output side of the utility grid, such inverters often have filter units, such as e.g. a throttle, up. In this case, the switched-mode power supply derives the electrical energy required for the operation from the electrical supply network, in particular in order to be able to operate or operate the changeover lights even when the electrical energy store can not supply electrical energy, e.g. during the night with a photovoltaic system or with a windstorm at a wind turbine. Conversely, in the event of a failure of the electrical supply network, e.g. due to a short circuit in the supply network, 20 also the switching power supply and thus also the inverter fail. The electrical energy source could thus no longer provide electrical energy in the supply network. However, various standards provide that in the event of a failure of the electrical supply network, an inverter must continue to operate for a certain period of time in order to support the utility grid by providing reactive power when needed. There are therefore 25 measures required to maintain the operation of the inverter, which is operated by a powered by the electrical supply switching network, even if the electrical supply fails. Frequently, capacitors are used in the switching power supply to buffer the supply voltage for the required period of time. The disadvantage of this solution is that a sol-30 rather capacitor buffer can be designed only for a certain, well-defined period of time and due to the required large capacitors also requires a lot of space in the inverter or in the switching power supply. In addition, the expensive capacitors and other electrical components also cause high costs.
    As a possible alternative, it is also known to provide a second supply network part in the switched-mode power supply which recovers its energy from the electrical energy in the event of a power failure.
    FO-34S3 AT gas storage refers. But even this solution is comprehensibly associated with considerable space requirements and high costs. Such a power supply is e.g. known from DE 10 2008 032 317 A1. The power supply of DE 10 2008 032 317 A1 has a transformer with two primary windings of two primary circuits, wherein a first primary circuit from the intermediate circuit of the inverter and the second primary circuit is fed from the supply network. Depending on the applied voltage in the second primary circuit is switched back and forth between the two primary circuits. Each primary circuit includes a PWM switch with associated PWM controller.
    Object of the subject invention is therefore to eliminate the disadvantages of the above-mentioned known solutions.
    This object is achieved by a secondary-side auxiliary winding is provided at the output side throttle, which transmits the output voltage of the inverter to the secondary side of the inductor and in the power supply a comparison unit is provided, the voltage of the electrical supply network with the voltage of the secondary side Throttle compares and the power supply is supplied depending on the comparison either from the electrical supply network or via the secondary-side auxiliary winding with electrical energy. Thus, the power supply takes the required electrical energy either from the electrical supply network or directly from the output of the inverter. For this purpose, an auxiliary winding is arranged on the choke and inserted a comparison unit, all other parts of the power supply can remain unchanged. This arrangement also controls itself automatically due to the voltage levels and ensures an uninterruptible power supply. Thus, neither large, expensive capacitors must be installed, nor have two Schaitnetzteile be provided. On the contrary, the power supply according to the invention can be constructed very simply and inexpensively.
    If an input rectifier and an auxiliary winding rectifier are provided in the power supply on the input side, wherein the supply network is connected to the input of the input rectifier and the voltage of the secondary side of the inductor at the input of the auxiliary winding rectifier and the output terminals of the input Rectifier and the auxiliary winding rectifier are connected in parallel, a particularly simple power supply can be realized.
    A particularly simple embodiment results when bridge rectifiers are used as the input rectifier and / or as the auxiliary winding rectifier.
    FO-3483 AT
    It is also advantageous to provide in the power supply a DC-DC converter whose input is connected to the output terminals of the input rectifier and the auxiliary winding rectifier
    The subject invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to Figures 1 and 2, 5 show the schematic and non-limiting advantageous embodiments of the invention. It shows
    1 shows an electrical circuit diagram of a power supply according to the invention, and FIG. 2 shows an embodiment of the power supply with bridge rectifiers.
    In Fig. 1, an inverter 1 is supplied with electric power io from a power supply 2, and the power supply 2 is supplied to an electric power supply 3, such as a power supply unit. a 230V AC mains is connected. The DC output of the power supply 3 provides the supply voltage UDc of the inverter 1, or the control and control unit 4, and a control unit 5 of the inverter 1, available. In the illustrated embodiment, the inverter 1 couples an electric power source 15 6, such as an electric power source 15, e.g. here a solar cell, to the electrical supply network 3. An inverter 1 is well known in itself, which is why not discussed in more detail on the structure and function of the inverter 1. On the output side, as well known as a filter unit, a throttle 7 is provided. The throttle 7 may, as in the present embodiment, be integrated into the power supply 2, in particular if the voltage supply 2 and the inverter 1 are designed as matching, matched components.
    The power supply 2, e.g. in the form of a switched-mode power supply, has here on the input side a rectifier 10, e.g. a bridge rectifier, a smoothing capacitor 11 and the output side a DC-DC converter 12 for generating the supply voltage Udc. The smoothing capacitor 11 may also be part of the DC-DC converter 12, e.g. in the form of a DC link capacitance in the DC-DC converter 12 or can be omitted entirely.
    According to the invention, the voltage supply 2 is now supplemented by an auxiliary winding 13 on the choke 7 and a comparison unit 14. The auxiliary winding 13 forms the secondary side of the choke 7. The auxiliary winding 13 may be e.g. additional to the iron core of the Dros-30 was 7 applied. In the case of a polyphase inverter, it suffices to supplement only one reactor 7 of a single phase accordingly. The comparison unit 14 may be active, e.g. in the form of a comparator, or passive comparison unit e.g. as in Fig.2 by a bridge rectifier to be executed. Due to the additional auxiliary winding 13, the throttle 7 now also receives a transformer function, as described in detail below.
    FO-3483 AT ben, and the auxiliary winding 13 transmits the output voltage Ua of the inverter 1 to the secondary side of the throttle. 7
    For a description of the function of the power supply 2 according to the invention, reference is made to FIG. 2. The comparison unit 14 is here passively in the form of an auxiliary winding rectifier 15, specifically a Brückenglachrichters executed. On the input side of the power supply 2 is the voltage Ui of the electrical supply system 3, which is rectified in the input rectifier 10, here also a bridge rectifier, and is smoothed on the smoothing capacitor 11. On the secondary side of the inductor 7, formed by the auxiliary winding 13, a voltage U2 is induced from the output voltage Ua of the inverter 1, which is rectified in the auxiliary winding rectifier 15. For this purpose, the voltage U2 of the secondary side of the throttle 7 is switched to the input terminal of the auxiliary winding rectifier 15. The input rectifier 10 and the auxiliary winding rectifier 15 are connected in parallel. in that the output terminals of the rectifiers 10, 15 are each connected to one another. The output terminals of the rectifiers 10, 15 connected in parallel are connected to the input terminals of the DC-DC converter 12.
    As long as the input voltage Ui is greater than the voltage U2 on the secondary side of the inductor 7, the power supply 2 is consequently fed by the supply network 3.
    That is, the input rectifier 10 is active. Accordingly, the auxiliary winding rectifier 15 is deactivated because the diodes lock due to the lower voltage U2. When the voltage Ui in the supply network 3 drops, e.g. In the case of a power line interruption or power failure, ie U2> Ui, the power supply 2 receives the electrical energy via the secondary side of the throttle 7, ie via the auxiliary winding 13, and thus directly from the output voltage UA of the inverter 1. Accordingly, the input rectifier 10 deactivated due to the lower voltage Ui and the blocking diodes and the auxiliary winding rectifier 15 is activated. The additional auxiliary winding rectifier 15 thus effects a comparison of the voltages Ui and U2 and controls the energy flow into the voltage supply 2 (indicated in FIG. 2 by the two arrows in the direction of the smoothing capacitor 11). The energy flow regulates itself automatically due to the voltage levels of the voltages Ui and U2. It can thus provide those rectifier 10, 15 with the higher input voltage more power for the DC-DC converter 12 and the capacitor 11, so that it is accordingly active. If the voltages U1 and U2an are equal due to the decreasing voltage Ui, both rectifiers 10, 15 are also active in the switchover phase in the short term. If, correspondingly, the voltage U2 is sufficiently greater than the voltage Ui (essentially due to the terminal voltage -4-).
    FO-3483 AT of the diodes), only the auxiliary winding rectifier 15 is active. Thus, the activation of the auxiliary winding rectifier 15 is uninterrupted. About the gear ratio of the primary winding of the throttle 7 to the additional Hiifswicklung 13, the voltage U2 can be set on the secondary side of the throttle 7 who-5 the. Depending on the level of the intermediate circuit voltage Uzk in the inverter 1 and the desired voltage U2, the transmission ratio can be dimensioned by appropriate adaptation of the number of turns of the Hiifswicklung 13 in relation to the number of turns of the primary winding. In the case of a single-phase power supply 2 with a rated voltage of 230V AC and an intermediate circuit voltage range around 400V, 10 would be the transmission ratio to be selected, for example in the range 1: 1. To avoid voltage peaks can be provided on the secondary side of the throttle 7, an additional protective circuit. Furthermore, by appropriate dimensioning of the transmission ratio, and any protective circuit that may be present, the energy flow direction for the supply of the voltage supply 2 can be adjusted. Thus, with appropriate dimensioning of the flow of energy can be controlled so that only at a power failure, the energy for the power supply 2 via the auxiliary winding 13 is obtained and thus the supply of the inverter 1 is only then done on this. It is thus defined or decided with the transmission ratio and the resulting voltage U2, of soft rectifier 10,15 20, the power supply 2 is supplied. Thus, the safe operation of the inverter 1 is ensured in any case.
    If the voltages Ui and U2 are equal, then the energy flow will split evenly under passive power flow direction control (e.g., via bridge rectifiers). With active control of the direction of energy flow (e.g., via an active comparator unit 14), depending on the particular application, the energy can be obtained arbitrarily, either from the supply network 3 or from the inverter 1 itself.
    Instead of a passive comparison unit 14, as described above, an active comparison unit could also be provided. For example, a comparator, a logic module, a microprocessor, a programmable logic circuit, etc., could be provided, which compares the two voltages Ui and U2, or their rectified values, and depending on the comparison result, the voltage supply 2 either via the supply network 2 or the auxiliary winding 13 is supplied with electrical energy.
    The control of the direction of energy flow can also be carried out strategically when using an active comparison unit 14 and not only has to depend on the Vergteichsgebnis of the two voltages U-U, U2. For example, it would also be possible to switch from -5-
    FO-34S3 AT an external signal 16, e.g. indicated in Figure 1, or to make other criteria dependent. That is, for example, as the preventive auxiliary winding Gieichrichter 15 is activated when, for example, the inverter 1bzw. the power supply 2 as an external signal 16 receives information about an imminent power cut 5 or the mains voltage continuously decreases. Likewise, the solution according to the invention can also be used for self-consumption optimization of the energy source 6, e.g. a PV system, are used by the components of the power source 6, in particular the inverter 1, are supplied from the self-produced energy.
    Of course, it is also possible to use the inverter 1 with the inventive io power supply 2 in isolated mode. In this case, an electrical energy store is used for the primary supply of the voltage supply 2 as the electrical supply network 3. -6-
    权利要求:
    Claims (7)
    [1]
    FO-3483 AT Claims 1. Voltage supply for an inverter (1) which is connected on the output side via a throttle (7) to an electrical supply network (3) characterized in that a secondary-side auxiliary winding (7) is connected to the choke (7). 13) is provided, which transmits the output voltage (Ua) of the inverter (1) to the secondary side of the choke (7) and that in the power supply (2) a comparison unit (14) is provided, the voltage (U-ι) of the electrical supply network (3) with the voltage (U2) of the secondary side of the inductor (7) compares and the voltage supply (2) in dependence from the comparison of either the electrical supply network (3) or the secondary side auxiliary winding (13) with electrical energy is supplied.
    [2]
    2. Power supply according to claim 1, characterized in that in the power supply (2) an input rectifier (10) and an auxiliary winding rectifier (15) are provided, wherein the supply network (3) with the input of the input rectifier 15 ( 10) and the voltage (U2) of the secondary side of the reactor (7) is applied to the input of the auxiliary winding rectifier (15) and the output terminals of the input rectifier (10) and the auxiliary winding rectifier (15) are connected in parallel.
    [3]
    3. Power supply according to claim 2, characterized in that the one-20 gangs rectifier (10) and / or the auxiliary winding rectifier (15) are designed as a bridge rectifier.
    [4]
    4. Power supply according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that in the power supply (2) a DC-DC converter (12) is provided, whose input to the Ausgangsanschiüssen the input rectifier (10) and the auxiliary winding 25 tion Rectifier (15) is connected.
    [5]
    5. Power supply according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that in the comparison unit (14) an input for an external signal (16) is provided and the external signal (16) is taken into account in the comparison.
    [6]
    6. A method for operating a voltage supply (2) of an inverter (1), the output side 30 via a throttle (7) with an electrical supply network (3) is connected, characterized in that the voltage (Ui) of the electrical supply network (3) is compared with the voltage (U2) at an auxiliary winding (13) arranged at the choke (7) and the voltage supply (7) depending on the comparison either -7-

    «1 = m

    FO-3483 AT from the electric supply network (3) or via the auxiliary winding (13) is supplied with electrical energy.
    [7]
    7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that when comparing an external Signa! (16). -B-
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    引用文献:
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    法律状态:
    优先权:
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    EP13725633.5A| EP2856625B1|2012-06-01|2013-05-24|Voltage supply for an inverter|
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